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保留部分腕

 
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lin91957
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PostPosted: Sat 14:51, 19 Mar 2011    Post subject: 保留部分腕

保留部分腕关节的断腕再植
后勉强吻合,术后拇指出现动脉危象,指端做小切口后见渗血缓慢,1周后出现末节指体干死,余指存活良好,考虑是由于桡动脉供血不足造成。同时吻合深浅静脉,可以促进静脉的回流,减轻术后肢体的肿胀;关闭创口时创缘多个‘”形切口缝合可明显减少术后肿胀导致的血管危象的发生。本组病例均予缝合了尺桡动脉的伴行静脉各1根,及腕背静脉2--4条,配合‘‘Z”形切口,术后肿胀不明显,均未做切开减张。尽早恢复有效血循环,缩短热缺血时间,有效减轻缺血再灌注损伤。方法有:(1)患者入院后立即将离断手腕送4℃冰箱冷藏,同时陕速做好术前准备,尽早手术;(2)术中固定腕骨后,视缺血时问长短先修复部分或全部屈指肌腱,然后吻合动脉,在吻合前均采用能量合剂灌注血管断端;(3)吻合1条动脉后即松lE血带,恢复离断手腕的早期供血。通血灌注一段时间后,再上止血带,继续吻合余下肌腱,修复离断神经及剩余血管。我们认为先吻合动脉再吻合静脉,可以早期供血,有效缩短断肢缺血时间,还可从静脉断端冲走一些回流的血,并冲走一些组织代谢产物,如氧自由基、肌红蛋白、肌酸、肌酐等,防止手内肌的缺血挛缩,减少术后毒血症的发生。动脉通血后,静脉回流开始形成,经远端肢体创面大量渗出,大血管出血较多可用血管夹夹住止血。创而渗血增多,加上术前的创口出血,失血量剧增,这时就要加大输液量,术前应有正确的评估,充分做好输血准备,必要是及时输血。由于再植时间长,术中除了输液补充血容量,同时还应早期合理应用抗菌药物预防感染。
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